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	<id>http://practicalstats.labanca.net/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Collinearity</id>
	<title>Collinearity - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-09-25T00:15:16Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://practicalstats.labanca.net/index.php?title=Collinearity&amp;diff=262&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Admin: /* Collinearity and Multicollinearity */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://practicalstats.labanca.net/index.php?title=Collinearity&amp;diff=262&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2019-12-17T15:33:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;‎&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Collinearity and Multicollinearity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:33, 17 December 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l11&quot; &gt;Line 11:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 11:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;(Muijs, 2011, pg. 155-157)&amp;#160; &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;(Muijs, 2011, pg. 155-157)&amp;#160; &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Contributed &lt;/del&gt;by Joseph W. Sullivan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;contributed &lt;/ins&gt;by Joseph W. Sullivan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Steps for How to Detect Multicollinearity in SPSS:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Steps for How to Detect Multicollinearity in SPSS:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Admin</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://practicalstats.labanca.net/index.php?title=Collinearity&amp;diff=258&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Sullivan.joseph2050: /* Collinearity and Multicollinearity */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://practicalstats.labanca.net/index.php?title=Collinearity&amp;diff=258&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2019-12-17T03:31:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;‎&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Collinearity and Multicollinearity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 03:31, 17 December 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l7&quot; &gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Multicollinearity&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a condition that exists when &amp;quot;more than two predictors correlate very strongly&amp;quot; (p. 189).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Multicollinearity&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a condition that exists when &amp;quot;more than two predictors correlate very strongly&amp;quot; (p. 189).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;If the predictor variables are too strongly correlated with one another the researcher will have a challenging time estimating the relationship between the dependent and predictor variables. SPSS is capable of providing a diagnostic to find out if multicollinearity exists within your data. This feature is able to determine the tolerance, or amount of variance in the individual variable not explained by the other predictor variables. &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(Muijs, 2011, pg. 155-157)&amp;#160; &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Contributed by Joseph W. Sullivan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Steps for How to Detect Multicollinearity in SPSS:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&#039;diff-marker&#039;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Steps for How to Detect Multicollinearity in SPSS:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Sullivan.joseph2050</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://practicalstats.labanca.net/index.php?title=Collinearity&amp;diff=191&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Admin: Created page with &quot;== Collinearity and Multicollinearity ==  &#039;&#039;&#039;Collinearity&#039;&#039;&#039; is &quot;a condition that exists when two predictors correlate very strongly&quot; (Meyers, Gamst, &amp; Guarino, 2017, p. 189)....&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://practicalstats.labanca.net/index.php?title=Collinearity&amp;diff=191&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2019-12-02T15:05:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== Collinearity and Multicollinearity ==  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Collinearity&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;quot;a condition that exists when two predictors correlate very strongly&amp;quot; (Meyers, Gamst, &amp;amp; Guarino, 2017, p. 189)....&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Collinearity and Multicollinearity ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Collinearity&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is &amp;quot;a condition that exists when two predictors correlate very strongly&amp;quot; (Meyers, Gamst, &amp;amp; Guarino, 2017, p. 189).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Multicollinearity&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a condition that exists when &amp;quot;more than two predictors correlate very strongly&amp;quot; (p. 189).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Steps for How to Detect Multicollinearity in SPSS:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. Click &amp;quot;Analyze&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. Then Select &amp;quot;Regression&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. Click &amp;quot;Linear&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. Put all the IV&amp;#039;s in the IV section and then move ONE IV into the DV box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. Uncheck all boxes in &amp;quot;Statistics&amp;quot; except for &amp;quot;Collinearity Diagnostics&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
6. Click &amp;quot;Ok&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*The output should indicate if there is a VIF.  If the VIF is above 3 there is likely multicollinearity issues, and if it is above 10 you are highly likely to have multicollinearity issues.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Detecting Multicollinearity in SPSS [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPXjQCtyoG0]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;contributed by Britany Kuslis, WCSU Cohort 8&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gaskin, James, director. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Detecting Multicollinearity in SPSS&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. YouTube, YouTube.com, 26 Mar. 2011, www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPXjQCtyoG0.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meyers, S., Gamst, G., &amp;amp; Guarino, A.J. (2017). &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Admin</name></author>
		
	</entry>
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